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A-PVP  α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone Crystal Suppliers

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A-PVP  α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone Crystal Suppliers

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  • A-PVP, α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, αlpha-PVP, O-2387, β-ketone-prolintane) is a stimulant drug developed in the 1960s and related to pyrovalerone and is the ketone analog of prolintane.
  • It is a synthetic cathinone derivative and appears to act as a potent blocker at the dopamine and norepinephrine transporter and pre-clinical research into areas of abuse liability, psychomotor activity, and drug discrimination suggests that the properties of α-PVP are reminiscent of MDPVmethamphetamine, and cocaine.

What is αlpha-PVP used for?

  • This drug is known to cause stimulant and energetic effects on administration and has been linked to causing strong urges of running, dancing, and climbing.
  • The effects of the drugs are known to force the users to do energetic and stimulant activities and on a high dose administration, it becomes difficult to resist the urge.
  • These properties have made it the center of attention for people who have to carry out energy-consuming activities on regular basis.
  • This drug can produce feelings of motivation, social energy, and confidence.
  • It produces a strong urge of engaging in strenuous physical activity and is being used by people who are used to undergoing intense training and exercise.
  • It can cause the feeling to drink excessive water due to stimulation as well.
  • It can cause appetite enhancement though this effect doesn’t appear in all users.
  • It is also known to be used by people for recreational purposes as it can produce effects such as ego inflation and emotional enhancement.

Side Effects:

  • Due to the energizer class of this research chemical, the effects of the research chemical are similar in nature.
  • It causes excessive forced or involuntary energetic behavior in users.
  • The physical effects include jaw clenching, vibrations, body shaking, and unsteadiness of the hand due to loss of motor control.
  • It can cause involuntary movement in eyeballs and vision impairment.
  • It can cause strong urges of drinking water as well as appetite suppression which in severe cases can lead to water intoxication.
  • The effects produce difficulty in urinating.
  • Tactile enhancement is caused by the drug while increased heart rate is among the side effects.
  • Due to the cause of the energizer to excessive physical activity, increased perspiration is caused.
  • The most important effect of this drug is that it improves the creative ability of the user.
  • Other effects include a sense of extreme happiness and a high level of energy.
  • The consumer’s body relaxes with no cravings for food.

Dosage and Overdose:

  • The dosage ranges from 1mg to 25mg. Light doses of αlpha-PVP range from 1mg – to 2mg while the commonly administered dose ranges from 5 to 15mg.
  • A heavy dose of it is greater than or equal to 25mg.
  • The greater dose can cause the full range of effects but come with adverse side effects as well which include serious injury or death in severe conditions.

Legal Status:

  • The production, supply, and possession of this drug are illegal in most countries due to its misuse.

Toxicology of αlpha-PVP:

  • The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational a-PVP use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown.

Chemical Formula:

  • Full Chemical Name: alpha-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone
  • Systematic IUPAC Name: 1-Phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone
  • CAS Number:  14530-33-7
  • ChemSpider Number: 9324063
  • Molecular Formula: C15H21NO
  • Molecular Mass: 231.333 g/mol
  • Purity: ≥99% and Above
α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone chemical formula

Where can you buy A-PVP online?

  • We sell premium quality A-PVP with secure payment methods, so feel free to contact us if you have any questions.
  • You must be at least 18 years old to buy from us.

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  • Shipping to United States, Canada, UK, Italy, Brazil, Switzerland, Australia, New Zealand, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, Mexico, Egypt, Turkey, Spain, Argentina, Poland, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Romania, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, Tunisia, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Portugal, Hungary, Israel, Bulgaria, Finland, Denmark, Slovakia, Norway, Ireland, Croatia, India, Armenia, Vietnam, Lithuania, Slovenia, Latvia, Estonia, Guam, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Korea (North), Korea (South), Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, and many other countries.

α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (also known as α-pyrrolidinovalerophenoneα-PVPO-2387β-keto-prolintaneprolintanone,[2][3] or desmethylpyrovalerone) is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s that has been sold as a designer drug and often consumed for recreational reasons.[4][5] α-PVP is chemically related to pyrovalerone and is the ketone analog of prolintane.[6]

Colloquially, it is sometimes called flakkagravel, or the zombie drug.[7][8]

Adverse effects

[edit]

α-PVP, like other psychostimulants, can cause hyperstimulation, paranoia, and hallucinations.[9] α-PVP has been reported to be the cause, or a significant contributory cause of death in suicides and overdoses caused by combinations of drugs.[10][11][12][13] α-PVP has also been linked to at least one death with pulmonary edema and moderately advanced atherosclerotic coronary disease when it was combined with pentedrone.[14]

According to Craig Crespi in the journal Case Reports in Psychiatry, “symptoms are known to easily escalate into frightening delusionsparanoid psychosis, extreme agitation, and a multitude of other altered mental states.” These common adverse effects of α-PVP are in line with other psychostimulants.

In addition, agitated delirium has been named as an adverse effect of α-PVP.[15]

Pharmacology

[edit]

α-PVP acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor similar to methylphenidate and cocaine with IC50 values of 14.2 and 12.8 nM, respectively, similar to its methylenedioxy derivative MDPV.[16][17][18][19] Similar to other cathinones, α-PVP has been shown to have reinforcing effects in rats.[20][21]

Chemistry

[edit]

α-PVP gives no reaction with the Marquis reagent. It gives a grey/black reaction with the Mecke reagent.[22]

Detection in body fluids

[edit]

α-PVP may be quantified in blood, plasma or urine by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized patients or to provide evidence in a medicolegal death investigation. Blood or plasma α-PVP concentrations are expected to be in a range of 10–50 μg/L in persons using the drug recreationally, >100 μg/L in intoxicated patients and >300 μg/L in victims of acute overdosage.[23][24]

Society and culture

[edit]

[edit]

α-PVP is banned in Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Russia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Sweden, United Kingdom, Turkey, Norway,[16] as well as the Czech Republic.[25]

Australia

[edit]

α-PVP is a Schedule 9 prohibited substance under the Poisons Standard (July 2016).[26] A Schedule 9 substance is a substance which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or State or Territory Health Authorities.[26] The drug was explicitly made illegal in New South Wales after it was illegally marketed with the imprimatur of erroneous legal advice that it was not encompassed by analog provisions of the relevant act. It is encompassed by those provisions, and therefore has been illegal for many years in New South Wales. The legislative action followed the death of two individuals from using it; one jumping off a balcony, another having a heart attack after a state of delirium.[27][28]

EU

[edit]

α-PVP was required to be banned by EU member states by 3 July 2017[29] and appears in Schedule II of the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances.

China

[edit]

As of October 2015, α-PVP is a controlled substance in China.[30]

Italy

[edit]

Cathinone and all structurally derived analogues (including pyrovalerone analogues) were classified as narcotics in January 2012.[31][16]

US

[edit]

On 28 January 2014, the DEA listed α-PVP, along with nine other synthetic cathinones, on the Schedule 1 with a temporary ban, effective February 27, 2014.[32] The temporary ban was then extended.[33]

Economics

[edit]

α-PVP is sometimes the active ingredient in recreational drugs sold as “bath salts“.[27] It may also be distinguished from “bath salts” and sold under a different name: “flakka”, a name used in Florida, or “gravel” in other parts of the U.S. It is reportedly available as cheaply as US$5 per dose.[34] A laboratory for one county in Florida reported a steady rise in α-PVP detections in seized drugs from none in January–February 2014 to 84 in September 2014.[35]

See also

[edit]

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